Isihlungi Se-Diaphragm Esinomfutho Ophakeme – Ikhekhe Elinomswakama Ophansi, Ukususa Amanzi Odaka Okuzenzakalelayo

1. Imboni yokuvikela imvelo (ukwelashwa kwamanzi amdaka kanye nokususwa kwamanzi odaka)
Isikhungo sokuhlanza amanzi amdaka sikamasipala:
Isetshenziselwa ukugxilisa nokususa amanzi odakeni (njenge-activated sludge, i-digested sludge), inganciphisa okuqukethwe komswakama kusuka ku-98% kuya ngaphansi kuka-60%, okwenza kube lula ukushiswa noma ukulahlwa kwenkunkuma okulandelayo.
Ukwelashwa kwamanzi amdaka ezimbonini:
Ukwelashwa kokususa amanzi ezidakeni ezinomswakama ophezulu kanye nezingcolisa kakhulu njengedaka elifakwa ngogesi, udaka lokudaya, kanye nodaka lokwenza iphepha.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwezinsimbi ezisindayo kubangelwa amanzi angcolile epaki yezimboni zamakhemikhali.
Ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi emfuleni/echibini: Udaka luphela ngokushesha, okunciphisa izindleko zokuhamba nezokulahla.
Izinzuzo:
✔ Umswakama ophansi (kufika ku-50%-60%) kunciphisa izindleko zokulahla
✔ Umklamo omelana nokugqwala ungaphatha udaka olune-asidi kanye nolwe-alkaline
2. Imboni Yezimayini Nezensimbi
Ukwelashwa kwemisila:
Ukususwa kwamanzi kwe-slurry ye-iron ore, i-copper ore, i-gold ore kanye nokunye ukucutshungulwa kwamaminerali, ukuze kutholakale imithombo yamanzi futhi kuncishiswe ukuhlala komhlaba emachibini e-tailings.
Ukususa amanzi e-concentrate:
Ukuthuthukisa izinga lokugxila (njenge-lead-zinc ore, i-bauxite) kwenza kube lula ukuthutha nokuncibilikisa.
Ukwelashwa kwe-slag ye-Metallurgical:
Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-slag yemfucuza eqinile njengodaka lwensimbi nodaka olubomvu, kanye nokubuyiswa kwezinsimbi eziwusizo.
Izinzuzo:
✔ Ukukhishwa kwengcindezi ephezulu kuholela ekhekheni lokuhlunga elinomswakama ongaphansi kuka-15%-25%.
✔ Amapuleti okuhlunga angagugi afanelekela amaminerali anobulukhuni obuphezulu
3. Imboni Yamakhemikhali
Amakhemikhali Amahle:
Ukugeza nokuqeda amanzi emzimbeni wezimpushana ezifana nombala (i-Titanium Dioxide, i-Iron Oxide), udayi, i-calcium carbonate, i-kaolin, njll.
Izivundisi kanye nezibulala-zinambuzane:
Ukuhlukaniswa nokomiswa kwemikhiqizo yekristalu (njenge-ammonium sulfate, i-urea).
Imboni yamakhemikhali:
Ukuvuselelwa kwe-catalyst, ukwelashwa kodaka lwamafutha (njengodaka lwamafutha oluvela ezindaweni zokuhlanza uwoyela).
Izinzuzo:
✔ Izinto ezimelana ne-asidi kanye ne-alkali (i-PP, insimbi efakwe irabha) ezifanelekela imidiya egqwalisayo
✔ Ukusebenza okuvaliwe kunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi enobuthi
4. Ubunjiniyela Bokudla Ne-Biotechnology
Ukucubungula Isitashi:
Ukomisa nokugeza isitashi sommbila namazambane, kusetshenziswa ama-centrifuge ahlukile ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.
Imboni yokwenza ubhiya:
Ukuhlukaniswa kwemvubelo, ama-amino acid, kanye ne-mycelium yama-antibiotic.
Ukukhiqizwa kotshwala:
Ukucindezela nokuqeda amanzi emzimbeni we-mash kabhiya kanye nezinsalela zezithelo.
Izinzuzo:
✔ Kwenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali noma impahla ye-PP esezingeni lokudla, kuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuhlanzeka
✔ Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okushisa okuphansi kugcina izithako ezisebenzayo