I. Isizinda sephrojekthi
Ibhizinisi lokucubungula ukudla eliphakathi nendawo ligxila ekudleni okuthosiwe kanye nokucubungula inyama, futhi likhiqiza inani elikhulu lamanzi angcolile kawoyela amaningi enkambisweni yokukhiqiza, aqukethe ukungcola okufana nezinsalela zokudla, amafutha ezilwane nezitshalo kanye namaprotheni. Ikhwalithi yamanzi angcolile iyashintshashintsha kakhulu, okuqukethwe kawoyela kuphezulu, futhi ukukhishwa okuqondile kulula ukuholela ekuvinjweni kwamapayipi kanye nokususwa kwamanzi. Ngokwesibalo sesilinganiso sokukhiqiza sebhizinisi, ukukhishwa kwamanzi angcolile kungu-2.5m³/h. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokuvikelwa kwemvelo futhi kufezwe intuthuko esimeme, amabhizinisi adinga ukwakha isethi yesistimu yokwelapha amanzi angcolile esebenza kahle futhi ezinzile enomkhawulo omncane ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukungcola kufinyelela ezingeni futhi kufinyelele ekunciphiseni ukulahla udoti.
Ii. Izinkinga eziyinhloko zamakhasimende
Okuqukethwe uwoyela omningi kunzima ukubhekana nakho: okuqukethwe uwoyela emanzini angcolile kungu-≥80mg/L, futhi inqubo yokwelapha evamile inomphumela omubi wokuhlukaniswa uwoyela oxutshwe ne-emulsified, okulula ukuholela ekuvinjweni kwamayunithi okwelapha alandelayo, ukusebenza kahle okuphansi, kanye nezindleko eziphezulu zokulungisa.
Umthamo wokucubungula wemishini yokuqala awanele: imishini elula ekhona ayikwazi ukulingana nesidingo sokukhishwa esingu-2.5m³/h, futhi ikhwalithi yamanzi angcolile iyashintshashintsha kakhulu, okuholela engcupheni yokudlula indinganiso yokuvikelwa kwemvelo.
Imikhawulo emibili yendawo kanye nokulahla: isitshalo simboza indawo elinganiselwe, sidinga uhlelo lokwelapha oluncane nolusebenzayo, kanye nokuxazulula inkinga yokulahla udaka ukuze kugwenywe ukungcola kwesibili.
3. Izixazululo ezenziwe ngezifiso
Ngokwezici zamanzi angcolile kawoyela amaningi kanye nezidingo zangempela zamakhasimende, inqubo yokwelapha ehlanganisiwe "yokwelashwa kwangaphambi kokwelashwa + ukujiya kwe-coagulation + ukuhlunga kwengcindezi ye-diaphragm kanye nokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni" yaklanywa, futhi ukukala kwekhemisi kanye nokususa amanzi odaka kwenziwa ngcono ukuze kufezwe ukususwa kwamafutha okuphumelelayo nokusebenza okuzinzile.
1. Ukugeleza kwenqubo
Esigabeni sokwelashwa kwangaphambi kokwelashwa, amanzi angcolile aqala adlule kugridi yomshini ukuze asuse izinhlayiya ezinkulu zezinsalela zokudla, bese engena ku-advection oil trap, bese kusetshenziswa isimiso sokuhlukanisa amandla adonsela phansi ukususa ukushelela kwamafutha (izinga lokususa ≥60%), okunciphisa kakhulu umthwalo wokwelashwa olandelayo.
Isigaba sokujiya kanye nokujiya: Ngemva kokwelashwa kwangaphambili, amanzi angcolile angena ethangini lokusabela kokujiya, bese i-PAC (polyaluminum chloride) kanye ne-PAM (polyacrylamide) zengezwa ngokulandelana ngepompo yokukala eqondile. I-PAC ibhubhisa isimo se-emulsion samafutha, i-PAM ikhuthaza ukujiya kwama-flocs, yakha ama-flocs aqukethe uwoyela okulula ukuwafinyeza, futhi iqaphela ukuhlukaniswa okuphumelelayo kwamafutha, amanzi kanye nezigaba ezintathu eziqinile.
Ukuhlukaniswa koketshezi oluqinile kanye nesigaba sokuphelelwa amanzi: ngemva kokujiya, amanzi angcolile ageleza ethangini lokuthuthwa kodaka namanzi ukuze kuhlukaniswe udaka namanzi, bese i-supernatant ikhishwa ngendlela ejwayelekile. Udaka olunamafutha oluphansi luphonswa kumshini wokucindezela isihlungi se-diaphragm, futhi okuqukethwe komswakama kodaka kuncishiswa kube ngaphansi kuka-60% ngokuphuma kwe-diaphragm enomfutho ophezulu kanye nokuphelelwa amanzi, okwenza ikhekhe lodaka oluqinile lokuthuthwa nokulahlwa ngaphandle. Ukuhlunga kwesihlungi sokucindezela kubuyiselwa kuyunithi yokwelapha ngaphambi kokwelashwa ukuze kuqedwe ukwelashwa okuvaliwe kwamanzi angcolile kuyo yonke inqubo.
2. Imishini ebalulekile kanye nemingcele yokusebenza
Ingqikithi yesistimu yokucubungula isebenzisa imishini yokulungisa ehlanganisiwe enomthamo wokucubungula ongu-2.5m³/h, kanye nomshini wokuhlunga we-diaphragm ongu-30㎡.
Isilinganiso se-PAC: 50-80mg /L, Isilinganiso se-PAM: 3-5mg /L, ngokuya ngokulungiswa kwekhwalithi yamanzi ngesikhathi sangempela, ukuqinisekisa umphumela omuhle kakhulu wokwelashwa;
Uhlelo luhlonyiswe ngohlelo lokulawula oluhlakaniphile ukuze kufezwe ukusebenza okuzenzakalelayo kokulinganisa ikhemisi, ukususa amanzi odakeni kanye nezinye izixhumanisi, nokunciphisa ukuqina kokusebenza ngesandla.
Iv. Umphumela wokusetshenziswa kwephrojekthi
Ikhwalithi yokungcola izinzile futhi isezingeni elifanele: ngemva kokuba uhlelo seluqalile ukusebenza, okuqukethwe uwoyela kokungcola kwehle kube ngaphansi kuka-5mg/L, kanti ezinye izinkomba zihambisana nezindinganiso zokukhishwa kwendawo;
Umphumela wokunciphisa udaka uyamangalisa: umshini wokuhlunga we-diaphragm unciphisa okuqukethwe komswakama kodaka kube ngaphansi kuka-60%, kanti umthamo wodaka wehliswa cishe ngo-70%, okunciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokulahla;
Ukusebenza okulula nokugcinwa: umklamo ohlanganisiwe uhlanganisa indawo encane, izinga eliphezulu lokuzenzakalela, umthwalo womsebenzi wokulungisa wansuku zonke ophansi, ukusebenza okuzinzile nokuthembekile kwesikhathi eside.
V. Isifinyezo secala
Ngokusebenzisa ukwelashwa kwangaphambili okuhlanganisiwe okwenziwe ngokwezifiso, ukuchelela kwe-coagulation kanye nenqubo yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni nge-diaphragm enomfutho ophezulu, leli cala lixazulula ngempumelelo ubunzima bokuphathwa kwamanzi angcolile aphezulu kawoyela emabhizinisini okucubungula ukudla. Uhlelo lusebenza kahle kakhulu, luzinzile futhi luqinile, olungagcini nje ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi ukungcola kufinyelela ezingeni elifanele, kodwa futhi luqaphela ukunciphisa kanye nokulahlwa kwemithombo yodaka, lunikeze amakhasimende izixazululo zokuvikela imvelo ezingabizi futhi ezinokwenzeka.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba 15-2025