Echungechungeni lwemboni yokucubungula uwoyela wesundu, isigaba sokuhlunga sinquma ngqo ikhwalithi kawoyela ongahluziwe kanye nezindleko zokucwenga ezilandelayo, okwenza kube yindawo ebalulekile yokuthuthukisa ukuncintisana komkhiqizo. Njengoba imboni yomhlaba wonke yamafutha esundu ithuthukisa amazinga ekhwalithi kanye nokuqinisa izidingo zokuvikela imvelo, izihlungi zamaqabunga ziye zagqama phakathi kwemishini eminingi ngenxa yomklamo wazo okhethekile olungiselelwe izici zamafutha esundu, zaba yimishini eyinhloko yamabhizinisi okucubungula ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi kanye nokusebenza kahle.
Izinkinga okufanele zixazululwe amakhasimende: Uwoyela wesundu une-viscosity ephezulu kanye nokungcola okuyinkimbinkimbi (kufaka phakathi izinsalela ze-pulp yezithelo, ama-colloid, kanye nezinhlayiya ezincane), futhi inqubo yokucubungula inezidingo eziphezulu zokuqina kokushisa. Imishini yendabuko isibe nzima ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokukhiqiza zesimanje. Imininingwane yemboni ikhombisa ukuthi izinqubo zendabuko zidinga ukuvalwa njalo ukuze kuhlanzwe, ngezindleko zonyaka zokuguga nokuklebhuka kwendwangu yokuhlunga, kanye namanzi angcolile akhiqizwayo adinga izindleko ezengeziwe zokwelashwa. Lawa maphuzu abuhlungu akhawulela ngqo izinzuzo zamabhizinisi.
Isizathu sokuthi kunganiizihlungi zamaqabungasezibe yisisombululo esithandwayo sokuhlunga uwoyela wesundu sisekulungiselelweni kwazo okujulile kwesimo sokucubungula uwoyela.
Izihlungi zamaqabunga zisebenzisa izikrini zesihlungi esilukiwe sensimbi engagqwali futhi zigcina ukugcinwa kwezinga le-micron ngesakhiwo sokuhlunga esinezingqimba eziningi. Lokhu kuhlunga okunembe kakhulu akugcini nje ngokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezithasiselo ezinyathelweni ezilandelayo zokucwenga kodwa futhi kugwema ukubola kwamafutha okubangelwa ukungcola, okwandisa isikhathi sokuphila komkhiqizo.
Akukho ukwakheka kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo, okunciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokusebenza. Izihlungi zamaqabunga ziyazilahla ngokuphelele izindwangu zokuhlunga, amaphepha okuhlunga, nezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo, ezidinga inani elincane kuphela lezinsiza zokuhlunga. Isikrini sokuhlunga esiyinhloko, esimelana nokugqwala okune-asidi kwamafutha esundu, singahlala iminyaka emi-3 kuya kwemi-5. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukusebenza okuvalekile ngokuphelele kwemishini kugwema ukulahleka kwe-oxidation okubangelwa ukuthintana kwamafutha nomoya, okuthuthukisa kakhulu izinga lokubuyisa izinto futhi kunciphise ukukhishwa kwamakhemikhali e-volatious organic.
Ukukhishwa kwe-slag okuzenzakalelayo, okuthuthukisa ukuqhubeka kokukhiqiza. Izihlungi zamaqabunga zithola ukulawula kokukhipha i-slag okuzenzakalelayo ngokuklama kokuxhumanisa kwezinhlelo zokukhipha i-hydraulic drive kanye ne-vibration slag – isikhathi sokukhipha i-slag sifinyezwa kakhulu, futhi isikhathi sokukhiqiza esisebenzayo siyanda. Imodi yokusebenza evalwe ngokuphelele yezihlungi zamaqabunga ingavimbela ukulahleka kwe-oxidation okubangelwa ukuthintana kwamafutha nomoya, ithuthukise kakhulu izinga lokubuyisa izinto futhi inciphise ukukhishwa kwamakhemikhali e-volatious organic.
Imboni yamafutha esundu ibhekene nezinselelo ezimbili zokuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi kanye nokulawulwa kwezindleko. Izihlungi zamaqabunga, ngokusebenza kahle kwazo okuphezulu, ukonga amandla, kanye nezici zokunakekelwa okuphansi, sezibe yimishini ekhethwayo yokuguqulwa kobuchwepheshe emabhizinisini okucubungula amafutha esundu. Ngokusakazwa kobuchwepheshe bokuhlunga okuzenzakalelayo, kuzothuthukisa kakhulu inqubo yokuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kahle embonini yamafutha esundu yomhlaba wonke.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba 18-2025